ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Age, sex, body mass index, hepatitis C infection, immunosuppressive drugs and family history of diabetes mellitus are shown to be risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation, but their effects remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation, so as to provide evidences for preventing and controlling the disease. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and CBMdisc databases were searched for the articles concerning risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation published between January 2005 and May 2018. Two researchers extracted data from each study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was conducted in accordance with New castle-Ottawa Scale standard. Meta-analysis was performed on Revman 5.3 software to identify the risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Twenty-one studies involving 8 206 patients were included. There were 1 489 cases of new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation, and the morbidity was 18.15％. (2) The meta-analysis identified the following seven significant risk factors, non-modifiable risk factors: age ≥ 50 years, and donor type; modifiable risk factors: body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, acute rejection, tacrolimus usage, hepatitis C infection and polycystic kidney. (3) Uncertain risk factor was family history of diabetes. (4) To conclude, age, donor type, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, acute rejection, tacrolimus usage, hepatitis C infection and polycystic kidney are risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation. But whether the family history of diabetes mellitus is the risk factor remains uncertain.